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{{Oscilloscope Sidebar|
{{Oscilloscope Sidebar  
title=Tektronix 7854|
|manufacturer=Tektronix
image=tek7854.jpg|
|series=7000-series scopes
caption=Tektronix 7854 on a [[K213]] cart|
|model=7854
introduced=1980 |
|image=tek7854.jpg
discontinued=1990 |
|caption=Tektronix 7854 on a [[K213]] cart
summary=400 MHz waveform-processing scope|
|introduced=1980  
manuals=
|discontinued=1990  
* [http://w140.com/070-2874-01.pdf Tektronix 7854 Manual (PDF, OCR)]
|summary=400 MHz waveform-processing scope
* [http://w140.com/7854_manual_change_info_d.pdf Tektronix 7854 Manual Change Information (PDF)]
|designers=Tom Rousseau;Les Larson;Jack Collins;Ellen Deleganes;Jim Schlegel;Gary Fladstol;Val Garuts;Tim Holte;Burt Johnson;Bruce Kingsland;Wes Kosta;Jim Tallman;Kirk Wimmer
* [[Media:Tektronix_070-2873-00.pdf | 7854 Operators Manual (PDF)]]
|manuals=
* [http://w140.com/7854_test_point_and_adj_locations_d.pdf Tektronix 7854 Test Points and Adjustment Locations (PDF)]
* [[Media:070-2873-00.pdf |  7854 Operators Manual           ]]
* [http://w140.com/7854_schematics_d.pdf Tektronix 7854 Schematics (cleaned up, PDF)]
* [[Media:070-2874-01.pdf | 7854 Service Manual, Sept. 1981 ]]
* [http://w140.com/tek_7854_diagnostic_with_067-0911-00.pdf Tektronix 7854 Diagnostic Troubleshooting with the 067-0911-00 (PDF)]
 
* [http://www.davmar.org/TE/Tek7854/Tek7854-AN-SPSBasic.pdf Talking to the 7854 scope with TEK SPS BASIC] (PDF)
* [[Media:Tektronix 7854 Manual Change Info D.pdf                   | 7854 Manual Change Information            ]] through Jan 1991
* [[Media:7854 Application Programs.pdf|7854 Application Programs (PDF)]]
* [[Media:Tektronix 7854 Test Point and Adjustment Locations D.pdf | 7854 Test Points and Adjustment Locations ]]
* [[Media:Tek 7854 eis signature page.pdf|Tektronix 7854 Engineering Instrument Specification Signature Page (PDF, needs OCR)]]
* [[Media:Tektronix 7854 Schematics D.pdf                           | 7854 Schematics                          ]]
* [[Media:Tek_AX4864_7854_keyboard_guide.pdf|Waveform Processing Keyboard Guide (PDF, OCR)]]
 
* [[Media:Tek_AX4382_7854_wp1310_01.pdf|WP1310 Waveform Processing System (PDF, OCR)]]
'''Modifications'''
* [[Media:Tek_AX4425_7854_WP1310_02.pdf|WP1310 Signal Processing System (PDF, OCR)]]
* [[Media:040-1066-00.pdf | 040-1066-00: Vertical Pickoff Amplifier Drift Improvement ]] (1982)
* [[Media:42AX-4682.pdf|7854 Programming Techniques (PDF, OCR)]]
* [[Media:045-0056-00.pdf | 045-0056-00: Firmware update 1.03                        ]] (1983)
* [[Media:Tek_AX4281_7854_measurement_variety.pdf|7854 Measurement Variety (PDF, OCR)]]
 
* [[Media:Tek_AX4440_7854_onboard_digital_processing.pdf|7854 onboard digital processing (PDF, OCR)]]
'''Troubleshooting'''
* [[Media:Tek_7854_42W5198_specs_orderinginfo.pdf|7854 specifications and ordering information (PDF, OCR)]]
* [[Media:070-2875-00.pdf | 7854 Test Procedures using the 067-0911-00 & up Diagnostic Test Interface Volume 1 Service ]]
* [[Media:Tek_7854_42W6767_tdr_mps_package_sm.pdf|7854TDR and 7854MPS package (PDF, OCR)]]
* [[Media:070-3887-00.pdf | 7854 Test Procedures using the 067-0911-00 & up Diagnostic Test Interface Volume 2 Service ]]
* [[Media:42W-5334.pdf|7854 Automated TDR testing (PDF, OCR)]]
* [[Media:070-2876-00.pdf | 7854 Diagnostic Troubleshooting using the 067-0911-00 & up Diagnostic Test Interface        ]]
* [[Media:Tek_42W67321_Tekmap_7854_measurement.pdf|TekMAP 7854 Measurement Software (PDF, OCR)]]
* [[Media:070-2972-00.pdf | 7854 Signature Analysis Tables using 067-0911-00                                             ]]
* [http://www.hakanh.com/dl/docs/kitinstructions/040-1066-00.pdf Tektronix 040-1066-00 Vertical Pickoff Amplifier Drift Improvement (PDF)]
* [[Media:070-3801-00.pdf | 7854 Diagnostic Memory service manual                                                        ]]
* [http://www.hakanh.com/dl/docs/kitinstructions/045-0056-00.pdf Tektronix 045-0056-00 Firmware update (PDF)]
 
'''Other Info'''
'''Other Info'''
* [[Media:Tekniques 15Dec1980 vol4 no8 7854excerpt.pdf|7854-Related Excerpt from Tekniques Vol 4 No 8 (PDF)]]
* [[Media:Tekniques 15Dec1980 vol4 no8 7854excerpt.pdf       | 7854-Related Excerpt from Tekniques Vol 4 No 8                     ]]
* [[Media:Tek 7854 article garuts tallman.pdf|Article on the 7854 by Val Garuts and Jim Tallman (PDF)]]
* [[Media:Tek 7854 eis signature page.pdf                    | Tektronix 7854 Engineering Instrument Specification Signature Page ]]
* [[Media:Tek_7854_42W5198_specs_orderinginfo.pdf            | 7854 specifications and ordering information                      ]]
* [[Media:7854 source 1v02 1982 cover.pdf                    | Tektronix 7854 Source Code                                        ]]
* [[Media:Tek 7854 wizard workshop.pdf                       | Tektronix Wizard Workshop Articles Relating to the 7854           ]]
* [[Media:Tek 7854 factory analog calibration procedure.pdf  | Tektronix 7854 Factory Analog Calibration Procedure                ]]
* [[Media:Tek 7854 factory digital calibration procedure.pdf | Tektronix 7854 Factory Digital Calibration Procedure              ]]
* [[Media:Tek 7854 board test procedures.pdf                | Tektronix 7854 Board Test Procedures                              ]]
* [[Media:Tek 7854 npi.pdf                                  | Tektronix 7854 New Product Introduction Review                    ]]
* [[Media:Dennis Tillman 7104-7854 SMPS Dummy Load.pdf      | Dummy load for troubleshooting 7854 and 7104 SMPS (Dennis Tillman) ]]
}}
}}
The '''Tektronix 7854 Waveform Processing Oscilloscope''', introduced in 1980, is a 400 MHz combined analog / digital  
The '''Tektronix 7854 Waveform Processing Oscilloscope''', introduced in 1980, is a 400 MHz combined analog / digital  
mainframe in the 7000 series that takes two vertical and two horizontal [[7000-series_plug-ins|7000-series plug-ins]].
mainframe in the 7000 series that takes two vertical and two horizontal [[7000-series_plug-ins|7000-series plug-ins]].
In addition to a conventional analog (real time) scope, it contains an equivalent-time sampling 10-bit digitizer and a  
In addition to a conventional analog (real time) scope, it contains an equivalent-time sampling 10-bit digitizer and a programmable waveform processor with GPIB interface.  
programmable waveform processor with GPIB interface. Single-shot, pretrigger acquisition is possible with special [[7B87]] time base using real-time sampling.   
Single-shot, pretrigger acquisition is possible with the special [[7B87]] time base using real-time sampling.   
The project manager for the 7854 was [[Tom Rousseau]].
The project manager for the 7854 was [[Tom Rousseau]].
During early development, before it was given the name "7854", the product was referred to as the "Smart Scope",
and the digital processing was called the "smarts".


The waveform processor can be programmed using a detachable calculator-style keyboard, using postfix operators
The waveform processor can be programmed using a detachable calculator-style keyboard, using postfix operators ("[[wikipedia:Reverse Polish notation|reverse Polish notation]]" like [[wikipedia:HP-35|HP calculators]]) that operate on entire waveforms, not just individual numbers.
("reverse Polish notation" like HP calculators) that operate on entire waveforms, not just individual numbers.
 
{{BeginSpecs}}
{{BeginSpecs}}
{{Spec | Bandwidth | (analog) 400 MHz }}
{{Spec | Bandwidth         | (analog) 400 MHz }}
{{Spec | Fastest cal. sweep | 500 ps }}
{{Spec | Fastest cal. sweep | 500 ps/Div }}
{{Spec | Sample rate | 500 kHz (stores repetitive waveforms up to 400 MHz) }}
{{Spec | Sample rate       | 500 kHz (stores repetitive waveforms up to 400 MHz) }}
{{Spec | Resolution | 10 bit }}
{{Spec | Resolution         | 10 bit }}
{{Spec | Acquisition depth | 128, 256, 512 or 1024 points }}
{{Spec | Acquisition depth | 128, 256, 512 or 1024 points }}
{{Spec | Memory capacity | 2048 waveform points in up to 16 waveforms (optional expansion to 5120 points and 40 waveforms) }}
{{Spec | Memory capacity   | 2048 waveform points in up to 16 waveforms (optional expansion to 5120 points and 40 waveforms) }}
{{Spec | Single shot | events and pretrigger up to 50 µs/div ("2.5 µs/point") with the [[7B87]] Time Base}}
{{Spec | Single shot       | events and pretrigger up to 50 µs/div ("2.5 µs/point") with the [[7B87]] Time Base}}
{{Spec | CRT | [[154-0644-05]] ([[Phosphor|P-31]]) or [[154-0893-09]] ([[Phosphor|P-11]]); cathode −3 kV, anode +21 kV, [[distributed deflection plates|distributed vertical deflection plates]] }}
{{Spec | CRT               | [[154-0644-05]] ([[Phosphor|P31]]) or [[154-0893-09]] ([[Phosphor|P11]]); cathode −3 kV, anode +21 kV, [[distributed deflection plates|distributed vertical deflection plates]] }}
{{Spec | Features |
{{Spec | Features |
* Signal Averaging
* Signal averaging
* Cursor measurements
* Cursor measurements
* Waveform parameter measurements  
* Waveform parameter measurements  
* GPIB Interface (Standard)
* GPIB interface (standard)
* Waveform calculation operators - add, multiply, square root, log, abs  
* Waveform calculation operators - add, multiply, square root, log, abs  
* Internal RPN programming language (Reverse Polish Notation)
* Internal RPN programming language (Reverse Polish Notation)
* Keystroke Programming (Up to 2000 Keystrokes with Option 2D)
* Keystroke programming (up to 2000 keystrokes with option 2D)
* programmable text display on screen
* Programmable text display on screen
}}
{{Spec | Options |
* Option 02: X-Y Phase Correction
* Option 03: EMC Modification
* Option 78: P11 Phosphor
* Option 2D: 4K Expanded memory storage for up to 40 waveforms and 2000 keystrokes
}}
}}
{{Spec | Power consumption | 230 W }}
{{Spec | Weight | 42 lbs / 19 kg }}
{{EndSpecs}}
{{EndSpecs}}


==Internals==
==Documents==
The acquisition system uses what Tektronix termed a "display-oriented random sampling digitizing technique".
{{Documents|Link=7854}}
It simultaneously digitizes a pair of X and Y signal values at a rate of 3.5 µs/point, using Schottky diode bridge
based sample/hold circuits and a single 10-bit successive-approximation ADC.  The Y sample value is then
written into the memory location addressed by the X value, using DMA.
 
The CPU in the 7854 is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Instruments_TMS9900 Texas Instruments TMS9900 16-bit microprocessor],
known from the infamous TI-99/4 home computer of the late 70s, with 32+6KByte ROM and 8KByte RAM.
 
The firmware consists of mask ROMs, an FPLA, and patch EPROMs.  These ROMs (particularly the early ones from Mostek) are a common point-of-failure. Several remedies exist, [[7854rom|outlined here]].
 
==Software==
 
* http://w140.com/tek_7854_pcbasic.zip
* http://w140.com/tek_7854_sw.zip


==Prices==
==Prices==
Line 83: Line 86:
! Year
! Year
! 1981
! 1981
! 1984
! 1990
! 1990
|-
|-
! Catalog price
! Catalog price
| $10,500
| $10,500
| $14,230
| $17,000
| $17,000
|-
|-
! 2019 value
! In 2023 Dollars
| $29,360
| $35,500
| $33,060
| $42,000
| $39,900
|}
|}


Line 103: Line 109:
* [[067-0914-00]] Extender Board 80-Pin (used with the A27-MPU and A28-RAM Boards)
* [[067-0914-00]] Extender Board 80-Pin (used with the A27-MPU and A28-RAM Boards)
* [[067-0915-00]] Extender Board 124-Pin (used with the A26-Control Logic and A29-Display Boards)
* [[067-0915-00]] Extender Board 124-Pin (used with the A26-Control Logic and A29-Display Boards)
==Software==
* [[Media:42W-5802.pdf|Application Note 42W-5802, BASIC Software Programs for Communicating Between the 7854 and IBM PC]], 1985 (OCR)
* [[Media:Tek_7854_sw.zip|7854 software in BASIC]]
* [[Media:Fftprog.zip | FFT program]]


==Links==
==Links==
* [[Media:Tek 7854 design team.pdf|Tek 7854 Design Team]]
* ''[[Media:Handshake winter 1980 1981.pdf|Talking to the 7854 Oscilloscope with TEK SPS BASIC]]'' in ''Handshake'', Winter 1980/81
* [http://amplifier.cd/Test_Equipment/Tektronix/Tektronix_7000_series_mainframe/7854.html Tek 7854 @ amplifier.cd]
* [[Media:Tek 7854 design team.pdf|Tek 7854 Design Team]] Note: The graduation cap on the Engineering Release cake (page 8) signifies that it is the "Smart Scope".
* [http://www.barrytech.com/tektronix/tek7000/tek7854.html Tek 7854 @ barrytech.com]
* [https://www.curiousmarc.com/instruments/tek-7854-oscilloscope Tek 7854 @ curiousmarc] (with links to videos)
* [https://amplifier.cd/Test_Equipment/Tektronix/Tektronix_7000_series_mainframe/7854.html Tek 7854 @ amplifier.cd]
* [https://groups.io/g/TekScopes/topic/7854_roms_the_whole_story/73320555 7854 ROMs, the whole story] @ TekScopes groups.io
* [https://vintagetek.org/7854-mostek-mkb36000-rom-repairs Mostek ROM Repairs @ vintagetek.org]
* [https://vintagetek.org/7854-mostek-mkb36000-rom-repairs Mostek ROM Repairs @ vintagetek.org]
* [https://paulcarbone.com/blog/tektronix-7854/ overview of ROM repair options @ paulcarbone.com]
* [https://paulcarbone.com/blog/tektronix-7854/ overview of ROM repair options @ paulcarbone.com]
==Internals==
The acquisition system uses what Tektronix termed a "display-oriented random sampling digitizing technique".
It simultaneously digitizes a pair of X and Y signal values at a rate of 3.5 µs/point, using sample/hold circuits based on Schottky diode bridges, and a single 10-bit successive-approximation ADC.  The Y sample value is then written into the memory location addressed by the X value, using DMA (direct memory access, i.e. bypassing the CPU).
The CPU in the 7854 is a [[Texas Instruments TMS9900]] 16-bit microprocessor, known from the infamous TI-99/4 home computer of the late 70s, with 32+6KByte ROM and 8KByte RAM.
The firmware consists of mask ROMs, an FPLA, and patch EPROMs.  These ROMs (particularly the early ones from Mostek) are a common point-of-failure. Several remedies exist, see the [[7854/Repairs|Repairs]] page.


==Pictures==
==Pictures==
Line 115: Line 137:
tek7854-with-keyboard.jpg|Tektronix 7854 with Waveform Calculator keyboard, [[7A26]], [[7M13]], [[7D15]], [[7B87]]
tek7854-with-keyboard.jpg|Tektronix 7854 with Waveform Calculator keyboard, [[7A26]], [[7M13]], [[7D15]], [[7B87]]
Tek 7854 e1.jpg|7854 Front with [[7A26]],[[7B85]],[[7B87]]
Tek 7854 e1.jpg|7854 Front with [[7A26]],[[7B85]],[[7B87]]
Tek 7854 rear.jpg|7854 Rear
Tek 7854 e5.jpg|7854 Rear, older version
7854-rear.jpg|7854 Rear with combined RAM and ROM boards
Tek 7854 rear.jpg|7854 Rear, older version, separate RAM and ROM boards, external battery backup, old-style, silent fan
7854-rear.jpg|7854 Rear, newer version, combined RAM and ROM boards, internal battery backup, new-style, less silent fan
Tek 7854 e2.jpg|7854 Top
Tek 7854 e3.jpg|7854 Left
Tek 7854 e4.jpg|7854 Right
Tek_7854_keyboard.jpg|Waveform Calculator Keyboard
Tek_7854_keyboard.jpg|Waveform Calculator Keyboard
Tek 7854 e6.jpg|Waveform Calculator Keyboard
Tek 7854 e6.jpg|Waveform Calculator Keyboard
7854 keyboard inside.jpg|inside the Waveform Calculator Keyboard
Tek7854 digital boards.jpg | Digital section in the 7854
Tek7854 digital boards.jpg | Digital section in the 7854
Tek 7854 a2.jpg|A2 Mode Switch
Tek 7854 a2.jpg|A2 Mode Switch
Tek 7854 mode switch.jpg|A2 Mode Switch
Tek 7854 mode switch.jpg|A2 Mode Switch
Tek 7854 aux reg.jpg|A7 Aux Reg
Tek_7854_AUX_REG-A7.jpg|The A7 / Auxiliary regulator
Tek 7854 aux reg.jpg|A different revision of the A7 board
Tek 7854 main interface.jpg|A11 Main Interface
Tek 7854 main interface.jpg|A11 Main Interface
Tek 7854 a15b.jpg|A15 Signal Output
Tek 7854 a15b.jpg|A15 Signal Output
Line 134: Line 162:
Tek 7854 t1.jpg|A21 Z-Axis
Tek 7854 t1.jpg|A21 Z-Axis
Tek 7854 digitizer.jpg|A25 Digitizer
Tek 7854 digitizer.jpg|A25 Digitizer
Tek 7854 a26.jpg |A26 Control Logic Board
Tek_7854_CONTROL_LOGIC-A26.jpg| A26 Control Logic Board
Tek 7854 a26.jpg |A26 Control Logic Board  
Tek 7854 logic.jpg|A26 Control Logic Board
Tek 7854 logic.jpg|A26 Control Logic Board
Tek 7854 mpu.jpg|A27 MPU
Tek_7854_MPU-A27.jpg|A27 MPU
Tek 7854 mpu.jpg|A different revision of the A27 board
Tek 7854 ram expansion.jpg|A28 RAM Board  
Tek 7854 ram expansion.jpg|A28 RAM Board  
Tek 7854 a28.jpg|A28 RAM Board with option 2D (RAM Expansion)
Tek 7854 a28.jpg|A28 RAM Board with option 2D (RAM Expansion)
A29.jpg|A29 Display Board
A29.jpg|A29 Display Board
Tek 7854 gpib.jpg|A30 GPIB
Tek_7854_GPIB-A30.jpg|A30 / GPIB board
Tek 7854 gpib.jpg|A30 GPIB, different revision
A31.jpg|A31 ROM Board
A31.jpg|A31 ROM Board
Tek 7854 a32.jpg|A32 Rear Panel Connector
Tek 7854 a32.jpg|A32 Rear Panel Connector
Tek 7854 trace1.jpg
Tek 7854 trace1.jpg
Tek 7854 trace2.jpg
Tek 7854 trace2.jpg
Tek 7854 e2.jpg|7854 Top
Tek 7854 e3.jpg|7854 Left
Tek 7854 e4.jpg|7854 Right
Tek 7854 e5.jpg|7854 Rear
7854-rear.jpg|7854 Rear with combined RAM and ROM boards
Tek_7854_development_1978.jpg|Picture of 7854 during development. Note the different measurement keyboard layout. Picture might date from late 1978  
Tek_7854_development_1978.jpg|Picture of 7854 during development. Note the different measurement keyboard layout. Picture might date from late 1978  
Tek_7854_development_sept_1978.jpg|Picture of designing the 7854 waveform calculator keyboard. note the different Keyboard layout.
Tek_7854_development_sept_1978.jpg|Picture of designing the 7854 waveform calculator keyboard. note the different Keyboard layout.
7854_Alignment.jpg | Alignment Pattern
7854_Alignment.jpg | Alignment Pattern
7854_pattern_program.png | Program for generating Alignment Pattern
7854_pattern_program.png | Program for generating Alignment Pattern
Tek_7854_rise_time.jpg | Mainframe rise time measured with [[067-0587-02]]
Tek_microlab_connected_7854_01.jpg|7854 diagnostics system with [[MicroLab I]]
</gallery>
</gallery>
==Memory Maps==
===Devices with separated ROM and RAM boards (SN < B100000)===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Address Range
! Size
! ICs
! colspan="3"|Purpose
|-
|align="center"| 0000...3FFE
|align="center"| 8k
|align="center"| U100, U110
|align="center" colspan="3"|ROM
|-
|align="center"| 4000...7FFE
|align="center"| 8k
|align="center"| U200, U210
|align="center" colspan="3"|ROM
|-
|align="center"| 8000...8FFE
|align="center"| 2k
|align="center"| U300, U310
|align="center" colspan="3"|PATCH ROM “for future use”
|-
|align="center"| 9000...9FFE
|align="center"| 2k
|align="center"| U400,U410
|align="center" colspan="3"|PATCH + ROM
|-
!
!
!
! 2k RAM
! 4k RAM
! 8k RAM
|-
|align="center"| A000...A7FE
|align="center"| 1k
|align="center"| U510,U520,U530,U540
|align="center"| x
|align="center"| x
! x
|-
|align="center"| A800...AFFE
|align="center"| 1k
|align="center"| U610,U620,U630,U640
|align="center"|
|align="center"| x
|align="center"| x
|-
|align="center"| B000...B7FE
|align="center"| 1k
|align="center"| U710,U720,U730,U740
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| x
|-
|align="center"| B800...BFFE
|align="center"| 1k
|align="center"| U810,U820,U830,U840
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| x
|-
|align="center"| C000...C7FE
|align="center"| 1k
|align="center"| U110,U120,U130,U140
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| x
|-
|align="center"| C800...CFFE
|align="center"| 1k
|align="center"| U210,U220,U230,U240
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| x
|-
|align="center"| D000...D7FE
|align="center"| 1k
|align="center"| U310,U320,U330,U340
|align="center"|
|align="center"| x
|align="center"| x
|-
|align="center"| D800...DFFE
|align="center"| 1k
|align="center"| U410,U420,U430,U440
|align="center"| x
|align="center"| x
|align="center"| x
|-
|align="center"| E000...E37E
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center" colspan="3"|GPIB, Keyboards, Digitizer,...
|-
|align="center"| E380...FFFE
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center" colspan="3"|Reserved for Diagnostic Interface
|}
===Devices with combined RAM+ROM Board (SN >= B100000)===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Address Range
! Size
! ICs
! Purpose
|-
|align="center"| 0000...7FFE
|align="center"| 16k
|align="center"| U220,U320
|align="center"| ROM
|-
|align="center"| 8000...9FFE
|align="center"| 4k
|align="center"| U200,U300
|align="center"| ROM for future use
|-
|align="center"| A000...DFFE
|align="center"| 8k
|align="center"| U400,U410
|align="center"| RAM
|-
|align="center"| E000...E37E
|align="center"| 4k
|align="center"|
|align="center"| GPIB, Keyboards, Digitizer,...
|-
|align="center"| E380...FFFE
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| Reserved for Diagnostic Interface
|}
===Devices with installed Diagnostic Boards (all serial numbers)===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Address Range
! Size
! ICs
! Purpose
|-
|align="center"| 0000...0FFE
|align="center"| 2k
|align="center"| U430,U330
|align="center"| ROM
|-
|align="center"| 1000...1FFE
|align="center"| 2k
|align="center"| U410,U310
|align="center"| ROM
|-
|align="center"| 2000...2FFE
|align="center"| 2k
|align="center"| U200,U100
|align="center"| ROM
|-
|align="center"| 3000...3FFE
|align="center"| 2k
|align="center"| U220,U120
|align="center"| ROM
|-
|align="center"| 4000...4FFE
|align="center"| 2k
|align="center"| U420,U320
|align="center"| ROM
|-
|align="center"| 5000...5FFE
|align="center"| 2k
|align="center"| U400,U300
|align="center"| ROM
|-
|align="center"| 6000...6FFE
|align="center"| 2K
|align="center"| U210,U110
|align="center"| ROM
|-
|align="center"| 7000...7FFE
|align="center"| 2K
|align="center"|
|align="center"| ROM for future use
|-
|align="center"| 8000...7FFE
|align="center"| 4k
|align="center"|
|align="center"| Not used
|-
|align="center"| 9800...9FFE
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| RAM in Microlab I, disabled when standard ROM is in 7854
|-
|align="center"| A000...DFFE
|align="center"| 2...8k
|align="center"|
|align="center"| RAM – see tables above
|-
|align="center"| E000...E37E
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| GPIB, Keyboards, Digitizer,...
|-
|align="center"| E380...E39E
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| BKREGCS Breakpoint address register chip select
|-
|align="center"| E3A0...E3BE
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| CTREGCS control register chip select
|-
|align="center"| E3C0...E3DE
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| BKDATA breakpoint data latch
|-
|align="center"| E3E0
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| F/P Display Data
|-
|align="center"| E3E2
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| F/P Display Data
|-
|align="center"| E3E4
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| F/P Keyboard Data
|-
|align="center"| E3E6
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| F/P Keyboard flag reset
|-
|align="center"| E3E8
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| Terminal I/O Control
|-
|align="center"| E3EA
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| Terminal I/O Data
|-
|align="center"| E3EC
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| Cassette I/O Control
|-
|align="center"| E3EE
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| Cassette I/O Data
|-
|align="center"| E3F0
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| Modem I/O Control
|-
|align="center"| E3F2
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| Modem I/O Data
|-
|align="center"| E3F4...E3FE
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| ONBDIO on board input/output to microlab I
|-
|align="center"| E400...E7FE
|align="center"|
|align="center"|
|align="center"| RAM in Microlab I
|-
|align="center"| E800...EFFE
|align="center"|
|align="center"| U120,U225
|align="center"| ROM - bank switched by PROMBK
|-
|align="center"| F000...FFFE
|align="center"|
|align="center"| U220,U320
|align="center"| ROM - bank switched by PROMBK
|}
==Components==
{{Parts|7854}}


[[Category:7000 series non-storage mainframes]]
[[Category:7000 series non-storage mainframes]]

Latest revision as of 11:01, 29 January 2024

Tektronix 7854
400 MHz waveform-processing scope
Tektronix 7854 on a K213 cart

Produced from 1980 to 1990

Manuals

Modifications

Troubleshooting

Other Info

(All manuals in PDF format unless noted otherwise)
Manuals – Specifications – Links – Pictures

The Tektronix 7854 Waveform Processing Oscilloscope, introduced in 1980, is a 400 MHz combined analog / digital mainframe in the 7000 series that takes two vertical and two horizontal 7000-series plug-ins. In addition to a conventional analog (real time) scope, it contains an equivalent-time sampling 10-bit digitizer and a programmable waveform processor with GPIB interface. Single-shot, pretrigger acquisition is possible with the special 7B87 time base using real-time sampling. The project manager for the 7854 was Tom Rousseau. During early development, before it was given the name "7854", the product was referred to as the "Smart Scope", and the digital processing was called the "smarts".

The waveform processor can be programmed using a detachable calculator-style keyboard, using postfix operators ("reverse Polish notation" like HP calculators) that operate on entire waveforms, not just individual numbers.

Key Specifications

Bandwidth (analog) 400 MHz
Fastest cal. sweep 500 ps/Div
Sample rate 500 kHz (stores repetitive waveforms up to 400 MHz)
Resolution 10 bit
Acquisition depth 128, 256, 512 or 1024 points
Memory capacity 2048 waveform points in up to 16 waveforms (optional expansion to 5120 points and 40 waveforms)
Single shot events and pretrigger up to 50 µs/div ("2.5 µs/point") with the 7B87 Time Base
CRT 154-0644-05 (P31) or 154-0893-09 (P11); cathode −3 kV, anode +21 kV, distributed vertical deflection plates
Features
  • Signal averaging
  • Cursor measurements
  • Waveform parameter measurements
  • GPIB interface (standard)
  • Waveform calculation operators - add, multiply, square root, log, abs
  • Internal RPN programming language (Reverse Polish Notation)
  • Keystroke programming (up to 2000 keystrokes with option 2D)
  • Programmable text display on screen
Options
  • Option 02: X-Y Phase Correction
  • Option 03: EMC Modification
  • Option 78: P11 Phosphor
  • Option 2D: 4K Expanded memory storage for up to 40 waveforms and 2000 keystrokes
Power consumption 230 W
Weight 42 lbs / 19 kg

Documents

Documents Referencing 7854

Document Class Title Authors Year Links
AX-4382.pdf Application Note WP1310 Waveform Processing System 1980 7854
AX-4425.pdf Application Note WP1310 Signal Processing System 1980 7854 • 4052 • WP1310
AX-4440.pdf Application Note 7854 On-board Digital Processing Refines Scope Measurements Val Garuts • Jim Tallman 1980 7854
Tek 7854-AN-SPSBasic.pdf Article Talking to the 7854 scope with TEK SPS BASIC. Bob Ramirez 1980 7854
Tekscope 1980 V12 N2.pdf Article New Products 1980 7854 • 468 • AA501 • SG505 • CG551AP • 1900 • 7612D
Tekscope 1980 V12 N3.pdf Article Digital Waveform Processing in a High-Performance 7000-Series Oscilloscope Tom Rousseau • Bill Cox 1980 7854
42AX-4682.pdf Application Note Introduction to 7854 Oscilloscope Measurement and Programming Techniques 1981 7854
7854 Application Programs.pdf Application Note 7854 Application Programs Mike Mraz • Gary Kirchberger • Clark Foley • Roger Loop 1981 7854
AX-4281.pdf Application Note Measurement Variety. An Engineering Challenge Featuring the 7854 1981 7854
AX-4864.pdf Application Note 7854 Waveform Calculator Keyboard Guide 1981 7854
42W-4416-1.pdf Application Note Using the 7854 in a GPIB configuration 1982 7854 • GPIB
42W-5334.pdf Application Note Automated TDR Testing Made Easy with the 7854 Oscilloscope/7S12 Sampler Plug-In 1983 7854 • 7S12
42W-5700.pdf Application Note Power Supply/Device Testing 1984 7854
42W-5802.pdf Application Note Basic software programs for communicating between the 7854 and IBM PC 1985 7854
42W-6732.pdf Application Note TekMAP 7854 Time and Amplitude Measurement Software 1987 7854
42W-6767.pdf Application Note Tektronix 7854TDR and 7854MPS measurement packages 1987 7854

Prices

Year 1981 1984 1990
Catalog price $10,500 $14,230 $17,000
In 2023 Dollars $35,500 $42,000 $39,900

Diagnostic Test Interfaces

Extender Boards

  • 067-0913-00 Extender Board 44-Pin (used with the A30-GPIB and A31-ROM Boards)
  • 067-0914-00 Extender Board 80-Pin (used with the A27-MPU and A28-RAM Boards)
  • 067-0915-00 Extender Board 124-Pin (used with the A26-Control Logic and A29-Display Boards)

Software

Links

Internals

The acquisition system uses what Tektronix termed a "display-oriented random sampling digitizing technique".

It simultaneously digitizes a pair of X and Y signal values at a rate of 3.5 µs/point, using sample/hold circuits based on Schottky diode bridges, and a single 10-bit successive-approximation ADC. The Y sample value is then written into the memory location addressed by the X value, using DMA (direct memory access, i.e. bypassing the CPU).

The CPU in the 7854 is a Texas Instruments TMS9900 16-bit microprocessor, known from the infamous TI-99/4 home computer of the late 70s, with 32+6KByte ROM and 8KByte RAM.

The firmware consists of mask ROMs, an FPLA, and patch EPROMs. These ROMs (particularly the early ones from Mostek) are a common point-of-failure. Several remedies exist, see the Repairs page.

Pictures

  • Tektronix 7854 with Waveform Calculator keyboard, 7A26, 7M13, 7D15, 7B87

    Tektronix 7854 with Waveform Calculator keyboard, 7A26, 7M13, 7D15, 7B87

  • 7854 Front with 7A26,7B85,7B87

    7854 Front with 7A26,7B85,7B87

  • 7854 Rear, older version

    7854 Rear, older version

  • 7854 Rear, older version, separate RAM and ROM boards, external battery backup, old-style, silent fan

    7854 Rear, older version, separate RAM and ROM boards, external battery backup, old-style, silent fan

  • 7854 Rear, newer version, combined RAM and ROM boards, internal battery backup, new-style, less silent fan

    7854 Rear, newer version, combined RAM and ROM boards, internal battery backup, new-style, less silent fan

  • 7854 Top

    7854 Top

  • 7854 Left

    7854 Left

  • 7854 Right

    7854 Right

  • Waveform Calculator Keyboard

    Waveform Calculator Keyboard

  • Waveform Calculator Keyboard

    Waveform Calculator Keyboard

  • inside the Waveform Calculator Keyboard

    inside the Waveform Calculator Keyboard

  • Digital section in the 7854

    Digital section in the 7854

  • A2 Mode Switch

    A2 Mode Switch

  • A2 Mode Switch

    A2 Mode Switch

  • The A7 / Auxiliary regulator

    The A7 / Auxiliary regulator

  • A different revision of the A7 board

    A different revision of the A7 board

  • A11 Main Interface

    A11 Main Interface

  • A15 Signal Output

    A15 Signal Output

  • A15 Signal Output

    A15 Signal Output

  • A15 Signal Out Board

    A15 Signal Out Board

  • A17 Horizontal Amp Board

    A17 Horizontal Amp Board

  • A18 Vertical Amp Board

    A18 Vertical Amp Board

  • A19 Vertical Channel Switch

    A19 Vertical Channel Switch

  • A19 Vertical Channel Switch

    A19 Vertical Channel Switch

  • A20 High Voltage

    A20 High Voltage

  • A21 Z-Axis

    A21 Z-Axis

  • A25 Digitizer

    A25 Digitizer

  • A26 Control Logic Board

    A26 Control Logic Board

  • A26 Control Logic Board

    A26 Control Logic Board

  • A26 Control Logic Board

    A26 Control Logic Board

  • A27 MPU

    A27 MPU

  • A different revision of the A27 board

    A different revision of the A27 board

  • A28 RAM Board

    A28 RAM Board

  • A28 RAM Board with option 2D (RAM Expansion)

    A28 RAM Board with option 2D (RAM Expansion)

  • A29 Display Board

    A29 Display Board

  • A30 / GPIB board

    A30 / GPIB board

  • A30 GPIB, different revision

    A30 GPIB, different revision

  • A31 ROM Board

    A31 ROM Board

  • A32 Rear Panel Connector

    A32 Rear Panel Connector

  • Picture of 7854 during development. Note the different measurement keyboard layout. Picture might date from late 1978

    Picture of 7854 during development. Note the different measurement keyboard layout. Picture might date from late 1978

  • Picture of designing the 7854 waveform calculator keyboard. note the different Keyboard layout.

    Picture of designing the 7854 waveform calculator keyboard. note the different Keyboard layout.

  • Alignment Pattern

    Alignment Pattern

  • Program for generating Alignment Pattern

    Program for generating Alignment Pattern

  • Mainframe rise time measured with 067-0587-02

    Mainframe rise time measured with 067-0587-02

  • 7854 diagnostics system with MicroLab I

    7854 diagnostics system with MicroLab I

Memory Maps

Devices with separated ROM and RAM boards (SN < B100000)

Address Range Size ICs Purpose
0000...3FFE 8k U100, U110 ROM
4000...7FFE 8k U200, U210 ROM
8000...8FFE 2k U300, U310 PATCH ROM “for future use”
9000...9FFE 2k U400,U410 PATCH + ROM
2k RAM 4k RAM 8k RAM
A000...A7FE 1k U510,U520,U530,U540 x x x
A800...AFFE 1k U610,U620,U630,U640 x x
B000...B7FE 1k U710,U720,U730,U740 x
B800...BFFE 1k U810,U820,U830,U840 x
C000...C7FE 1k U110,U120,U130,U140 x
C800...CFFE 1k U210,U220,U230,U240 x
D000...D7FE 1k U310,U320,U330,U340 x x
D800...DFFE 1k U410,U420,U430,U440 x x x
E000...E37E GPIB, Keyboards, Digitizer,...
E380...FFFE Reserved for Diagnostic Interface

Devices with combined RAM+ROM Board (SN >= B100000)

Address Range Size ICs Purpose
0000...7FFE 16k U220,U320 ROM
8000...9FFE 4k U200,U300 ROM for future use
A000...DFFE 8k U400,U410 RAM
E000...E37E 4k GPIB, Keyboards, Digitizer,...
E380...FFFE Reserved for Diagnostic Interface

Devices with installed Diagnostic Boards (all serial numbers)

Address Range Size ICs Purpose
0000...0FFE 2k U430,U330 ROM
1000...1FFE 2k U410,U310 ROM
2000...2FFE 2k U200,U100 ROM
3000...3FFE 2k U220,U120 ROM
4000...4FFE 2k U420,U320 ROM
5000...5FFE 2k U400,U300 ROM
6000...6FFE 2K U210,U110 ROM
7000...7FFE 2K ROM for future use
8000...7FFE 4k Not used
9800...9FFE RAM in Microlab I, disabled when standard ROM is in 7854
A000...DFFE 2...8k RAM – see tables above
E000...E37E GPIB, Keyboards, Digitizer,...
E380...E39E BKREGCS Breakpoint address register chip select
E3A0...E3BE CTREGCS control register chip select
E3C0...E3DE BKDATA breakpoint data latch
E3E0 F/P Display Data
E3E2 F/P Display Data
E3E4 F/P Keyboard Data
E3E6 F/P Keyboard flag reset
E3E8 Terminal I/O Control
E3EA Terminal I/O Data
E3EC Cassette I/O Control
E3EE Cassette I/O Data
E3F0 Modem I/O Control
E3F2 Modem I/O Data
E3F4...E3FE ONBDIO on board input/output to microlab I
E400...E7FE RAM in Microlab I
E800...EFFE U120,U225 ROM - bank switched by PROMBK
F000...FFFE U220,U320 ROM - bank switched by PROMBK

Components

Some Parts Used in the 7854

Part Part Number(s) Class Description Used in
154-0644-00 154-0644-00 • 154-0644-04 • 154-0644-05 • 154-0644-09 CRT CRT with distributed deflection plates 7704A • 7854 • 7904 • 7904A • R7903
155-0009-00 155-0009-00 Monolithic integrated circuit horizontal lockout logic 7504 • 7514 • 7704 • 7704A • R7704 • 7834 • 7844 • 7854 • 7904 • R7903 • 7904A • 7934 • 7104
155-0010-00 155-0010-00 Monolithic integrated circuit chop divider and blanking 7504 • 7514 • 7704 • R7704 • 7704A • 7834 • 7854 • 7904 • R7903 • 7904A • 7934 • 7104
155-0011-00 155-0011-00 Monolithic integrated circuit clock and chop blanking 485 • 7313 • 7403N • R7403N • 7503 • 7504 • 7514 • 7603 • AN/USM-281C • 7613 • 7623 • 7623A • 7633 • 7704 • R7704 • 7704A • 7834 • 7844 • 7854 • 7904 • 7904A • R7903 • R7912 • 7912AD • 7912HB • 7934 • 7104 • R7103 • AN/USM-281C
155-0012-00 155-0012-00 Monolithic integrated circuit Z Axis Logic 485 • 7504 • 7514 • 7704 • R7704 • 7704A • 7834 • 7844 • 7854 • 7904 • R7903 • 7904A • R7912 • 7934 • 7912AD • 7912HB • 7104 • R7103
155-0013-00 155-0013-00 • 155-0013-01 Monolithic integrated circuit horizontal chop and alt. binary 7504 • 7514 • 7704 • R7704 • 7704A • 7834 • 7854 • 7904 • 7904A • R7903 • 7934 • 7104
155-0014-01 155-0014-00 • 155-0014-01 Monolithic integrated circuit A/D converter 7000 series readout system • 7854 • 7934 • 7J20 • 7L5 • P7001
155-0015-01 155-0015-00 • 155-0015-01 Monolithic integrated circuit analog data switch 7000 series readout system • 7854 • 7934
155-0017-00 155-0017-00 Monolithic integrated circuit 5 MHz decade counter 7000 series readout system • 7854 • 7934
155-0021-00 155-0021-00 • 155-0021-01 Monolithic integrated circuit timing generator 7000 series readout system • 7854 • 7934
155-0022-00 155-0022-00 • 155-0022-01 Monolithic integrated circuit analog multiplexer 147 • 148 • 149 • 335 • 468 • 1430 • 1441 • 1461 • 1900 • 1910 • 2220 • 2221 • 2230 • 5223 • 5403 • 5440 • 5441 • 5443 • 5444 • 5A38 • 7313 • 7403N • 7503 • 7504 • 7514 • 7603 • AN/USM-281C • 7613 • 7623 • 7623A • 7633 • 7704 • R7704 • 7704A • 7834 • 7844 • 7854 • R7912 • 7912AD • 7912HB • 7904 • R7903 • 7904A • 7934 • 7A12 • 7A18 • 7A18A • 7A18N • 7B52 • 7B53N • 7D10 • 7D11 • 7D12 • NT-7000 • P7001
155-0059-00 155-0059-00 Monolithic integrated circuit HF amplifier 7834 • 7844 • 7854 • 7904 • R7903 • R7912 • 7912AD
155-0064-00 155-0064-00 Hybrid integrated circuit vertical output amplifier 7834 • 7854 • 7904 • R7903 • 7912AD • 485 • PG502
155-0067-02 155-0067-00 • 155-0067-02 • 155-0067-03 Monolithic integrated circuit SMPS controller 7704A • 7834 • 7844 • 7854 • 7904 • R7903 • 7904 • 7904A • 7934 • R7912 • 7912AD • 7912HB • 7934 • 7104 • R7103 • 308 • 434 • 485 • 690 • P7001
155-0078-00 155-0078-xx • 155-0273-00 • 155-0274-00 Monolithic integrated circuit broadband amplifier 464 • 465 • 466 • 468 • 475 • 475A • 475M • 485 • 7834 • 7844 • 7854 • 7904 • R7903 • R7912 • 7912AD • 7912HB • 7104 • 7A16A • 7A16P • 7A24 • 7A26 • 7A42 • 067-0587-01 • 067-0680-00 • AM503 • PG502 • PG508 • DC510 • DC5010 • FG5010
155-0167-01 155-0167-01 Hybrid integrated circuit 4-bit D/A converter 7854 • ADC820T
155-0187-00 155-0187-00 Monolithic integrated circuit ft doubler amplifier 7854
155-0206-00 155-0206-00 Hybrid integrated circuit channel switch 7854
MC3448 156-1133-02 Monolithic integrated circuit GPIB bus driver 7854
MC68488 156-1246-00 Monolithic integrated circuit GPIB controller 7854 • CG551AP
Mostek MK36000 Monolithic integrated circuit 8k×8 mask-programmable ROM 468 • 7854
Texas Instruments TMS9900 Monolithic integrated circuit 16-bit microprocessor 1980 • 7854
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