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{{Oscilloscope Sidebar |
{{Oscilloscope Sidebar  
title=Tektronix 555 |
|manufacturer=Tektronix
summary=Dual beam 30 MHz scope |
|series=500-series scopes
image=Tek 555 front fl2.jpg |
|model=555  
caption=Tektronix 555 front |
|summary=Dual beam 30 MHz scope  
years=1959 - 1969? |
|image=Tek_555-wTrace.jpeg
manuals=
|caption=Tektronix 555 Front
* [http://bama.edebris.com/manuals/tek/555 555 manual on BAMA]
|introduced=1959
* [http://w140.com/tek_555_crt.pdf 555 CRT Specs (PDF)]
|discontinued=1970
* [http://w140.com/tek_fcp/tek_555_fac_cal.pdf 555 Factory Calibration Procedure (PDF)]
|designers=
* [http://w140.com/tek_fcp/tek_type_21_and_22_factory_cal_proc.pdf Type 21 and 22 Factory Calibration Procedure (PDF)]
|manuals=
* [http://w140.com/tek_555_additional_trigger_source_mod.pdf Modification for Additional Trigger Sources]
* [[Media:070-165.pdf|555/21A/22A Manual 070-165]]
* [http://w140.com/tek_555_operators_handbook.pdf 555 Operator's Handbook (PDF)]
* [[Media:070-403.pdf|555/21A/22A Manual 070-403]]
* [http://w140.com/tektronix_21a-22a.pdf 21A and 22A section of 555 manual (PDF)]
 
* [[Media:070-227.pdf|555 Operator's Handbook]] (bad-OCR)
* [[Media:Tektronix 21a-22a.pdf|21A and 22A section of 555 manual]]
 
<small>
'''Alternate copies'''
* [https://bama.edebris.com/manuals/tek/555 @ BAMA]
'''Modifications'''
* [[Media:040-0328-01.pdf|Modification for Additional Trigger Sources]] (bad-OCR)
* [[Media:tek_555_fcp.pdf|555 Factory Calibration Procedure]] (OCR)
 
'''Calibration'''
* [[Media:tek_type_21_22_fcp.pdf|Type 21 and 22 Factory Calibration Procedure]] (OCR)
* [[Media:Tek 555 cal outline.pdf|Tektronix 555 Calibration Outline]]
 
'''Specifications'''
* [[Media:tek_555_crt_specs.pdf|555 CRT Specs]] (OCR)
 
'''Other'''
* [[Media:tek_555_section_21a_22a.pdf|21A and 22A section of 555 manual]] (bad-OCR)
* [[Media:555 compatibility notes.pdf|Notes on the compatibility of 555 plug-ins and mainframe]]
* [https://w140.com/Tektronix_555_dt._Kurzanleitung.pdf German Introduction the 555] (OCR)
</small>
}}
}}
The '''Tektronix Type 555''', nicknamed "Triple Nickel", is a [[dual-beam scopes|dual-beam CRT oscilloscope]] introduced by Tektronix in
[[introduced_in_1959|1959]] and made until the late 1960's, when it was replaced by the [[556]].


The Tektronix Type 555 is a [[dual-beam scopes|dual-beam CRT oscilloscope]] introduced by Tektronix in
The system is split across two cabinets, the main indicator unit and the external power supply unit.   
[[introduced_in_1959|1959]] and made until the late 1960's, when it was replaced
The power supply unit contains the main transformer, rectifiers and regulators for all of the voltages except the filament and CRT HV supplies.   
by the [[556]].
The system is split across two pieces: the main indicator unit  
and the external power supply unit.   
The power supply unit contains the main transformer,  
rectifiers and regulators for all of the voltages  
except the filament and CRT HV supplies.   
The filament and CRT HV voltages are generated in the 555 indicator unit.   
The filament and CRT HV voltages are generated in the 555 indicator unit.   


The Tektronix 555 takes two
The Tektronix 555 takes two [[letter-series and 1-series plug-ins|letter-series or 1-series vertical plug-ins]]
[[letter-series and 1-series plug-ins|letter-series or 1-series vertical plug-ins]]


== Type 21 and 22 Timebases ==
{{BeginSpecs}}
The 555 uses special horizontal plug-ins
{{Spec | Bandwidth | DC to 30 MHz, 3 dB down at 30 MHz ±0.5 dB (with [[K|Type K plug-in]]) }}
that contain the trigger and sweep.
{{Spec | Rise time | 120 ns}}
Early instances of the 555 came with
{{Spec | External Horizontal Input | 0.2 V/cm to 20 V/cm, DC to 240 kHz }}
the 21 and 22 horizontal plug-ins.  
{{Spec | Sweep Rates | 100 ns/div to 5 s/div (Type 21 and 22)}}
A rigid plug-in extension for the timebases (part number [[013-013]])
{{Spec | External Trigger Level  | 0.2 V to 10 V}}
was included with every 555.
{{Spec | Calibrator  | ~1 kHz, 200 μV<sub>p-p</sub> to 100 V<sub>p-p</sub>}}
{{Spec | CRT | [[T5550]], 10 kV acceleration, P2 [[phosphor]] standard (P1, P7, P11 optional).  Usable area: Total 6 cm, 4 cm per beam, 2 cm overlap between beams }}
{{Spec | Line Voltage | 105 to 125 V or 210 to 250 V, 50/60 Hz}}
{{Spec | Power Consumption | 1050 W}}
{{Spec | Dimensions | Indicator Unit, 24"×13"×20"; Power Supply Unit, 17.5"×13"×10" (LWH)}}
{{Spec | Weight | Indicator Unit, 68 lb; Power Supply, 45 lb}}
{{Spec | Cooling | AC Fan for both Power Supply and Indicator Unit}}
{{EndSpecs}}


== Type 21A and 22A Timebases ==
==Internals==
Later instances came with  
=== Type 21 and 22 Timebases ===
the 21A and 22A horizontal plug-ins,  
The 555 uses special horizontal plug-ins that contain the trigger and sweep. 
which use [[tunnel diodes]] for triggering.   
Early instances of the 555 came with the [[21 (plug-in)|Type 21]] and [[22|Type 22]] horizontal plug-ins.
 
Type 21 is suggested for the upper beam and type 22 is suggested as the lower beam time base, as type 22 contains delayed trigger, and only the lower beam horizontal section is provided with delayed trigger pickup circuitry. The Delay multiplier control pot is also provided on the lower beam section.
 
A rigid plug-in extension for the timebases (part number [[013-013]]) was included with every 555.
 
=== Type 21A and 22A Timebases ===
Later instances came with the [[21A]] and [[22A]] horizontal plug-ins, which use [[tunnel diodes]] for triggering.   
Delayed triggering is supported.   
Delayed triggering is supported.   
Since the 555 is a dual-beam scope, it is also possible  
 
to start one of the sweeps while the other beam is sweeping.   
Since the 555 is a dual-beam scope, it is also possible to start one of the sweeps while the other beam is sweeping.   
The upper-beam sweep and lower-beam sweeps are, in fact, totally independent.   
The upper-beam sweep and lower-beam sweeps are, in fact, totally independent.   


== Filament Supply Regulator ==
=== Power Supply and Filament Supply Regulator ===
Regulation of the filament supply happens as follows: 
The external power supply unit generates all the B+ Voltages (–150, +100, +225, +330, +350 and +500 V) required by the indicator unit.
There is a feedback loop that is formed between the indicator
These are fed to the indicator unit through the interconnect cable.
unit and the power supply unit. The power supply sends AC
 
through the interconnection cable to the indicator unit,
There are two transformers inside the power supply unit – one to generate heater voltages (except for the tubes noted below), the other to generate all the B+ plate voltages.  
where it is connected to the primary of the filament transformer.
 
A sample of the output of the filament transformer is sent
The heater/filament supply for all the tubes inside the indicator unit are generated by a transformer inside the indicator unit.
back through the interconnection cable (part number 012-032)
A saturable inductor, located in the power supply unit, is connected in series with its primary as the control element of an AC regulator circuit.
from the indicator unit to the power supply unit.   
One 6.3 V winding from the indicator unit filament transformer is fed back through the interconnection cable (part number [[012-032]])  
This performs two functions.
to supply heaters of specific tubes in the power supply unit (V624, V634, V664, V684, V694).  Moreover, a regulator Tube (2AS-15, a Temperature Limited Diode)
First, the filament voltage that is sent back to the power supply unit  
is used to sense this filament voltage and derive a control DC current through the saturable inductor, thereby closing the control loop.
is used to heat the cathodes of tubes in the power supply unit. 
 
Second, this filament voltage is the feedback signal to a regulator
One of the consequences of this scheme is that it the power supply unit will not energize the plate voltages (except +100 V) without the indicator unit connected, because
in the power supply unit that controls how much voltage is sent
* the 12AX7 comparators and 6AU6 error amplifiers are heated from the indicator unit, so the main series pass tubes (6080s and 12B4s) are not driven even though they are heated from a transformer in the power supply unit;
to the filament transformer.  One of the consequences of this scheme
* The primary of the plate voltage transformer inside the power supply unit is looped via the thermal cutout in the indicator unit, i.e. the plate voltage transformer in the power supply will not get power unless the indicator unit is attached.
is that it is impossible to energize the power supply unit without
Even if one were to power up the power supply itself by bypassing the thermal cut-out and applying local heater voltages to the tubes normally supplied by the indicator unit, the power supply will not regulate as the design employs shunting resistors across the series pass tubes, and can therefore not regulate without a load.
the indicator unit connected. The regulator tubes in the power supply  
 
would remain cold without filament power, and would not pass any current.  
=== Vertical Amplifier ===
The Tektronix 555 has a six-section differential [[distributed amplifier|distributed vertical output amplifier]] made of [[6DK6]] tubes.   
It is the same as the vertical output amplifier in the [[551]] and the [[545|545A]]. 
An L-C [[delay line]] is located between the vertical output amplifier and the CRT vertical deflection plates for each channel. 
 
Twelve 6DK6 tubes per beam are used in the main amplifier. 
A pair of [[6DK6]]s are used to pick up the trigger signal from the differential drive, and pass it to the horizontal plug-in via a cathode follower as a single-ended trigger signal.
 
Another pair of [[6DJ8]]s are used as grid-line driver cathode followers, fed by the [[12BY7]] input driver stage, which takes the differential input from the vertical plug-in.
A pair of triodes out of [[6DJ8]]s are used as amplifier to drive beam position indicator neons near the CRT.
 
Architecturally, the 555, with its four plug-ins, is similar to the [[7844]].  
 
=== CRT Circuit ===
The CRT circuit in the 555 is really two separate modules. 
It is split between two internal metal enclosures, each one containing a high voltage transformer and associated tubes.
The lower beam HV power supply is based on transformer T901 and produces:
* CRT anode voltage: +8,650 V
* lower beam CRT cathode voltage: -1,350 V
* lower beam CRT control grid (blanking) voltage: floating, -1,500 V
 
The upper beam HV power supply is based on T801 and produces:
* upper beam CRT cathode voltage: -1,350 V
* upper beam CRT control grid (blanking) voltage: floating, -1,500 V
 
Rectification and voltage multiplication is performed by a total of six [[5642]] rectifier tubes.
Each of the two HV power supplies is independently regulated using a two-stage common-cathode amplifier based on a [[12AU7]] dual triode.
The oscillator tube is a [[6CZ5]] power pentode.


== Vertical Amplifier ==
The 555 uses the [[T5550]] CRT.
The Tektronix 555 has a six-section differential
[[distributed amplifier|distributed vertical output amplifier]]
made of [[6DK6]] tubes.  It is the same as the vertical output amplifier in
the [[551]] and the [[545|545A]].  An L-C [[delay line]] is between
the vertical output amplifier and the CRT vertical deflection plates
for each channel.


Architecturally, the 555, with its four plug-ins, is similar
==Links==
to the [[7844]].  
* [https://lazyelectrons.wordpress.com/2019/11/10/tektronix-555-restore/ Tektronix 555 Restore/Repair with Videos at Lazy Electrons Blog]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvbNBZX6kNE Tektronix 555 in operation] @ YouTube
* [http://www.barrytech.com/tektronix/vintage/tek555.html Tektronix 555 @ barrytech.com]
* [http://www.radiomuseum.org/r/tektronix_dual_beam_oscilloscope_55_2.html Tektronix 555 @ radiomuseum.org]
* [http://www.lemis.com/grog/Albums/Tektronix-555.php Greg's 555] - lots of photos


==Pictures==
==Pictures==


<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Tek 555 front fl2.jpg
Tek 555 front fl2.jpg
Image:Tek 555 front fl.jpg|front view: two timing plug-ins on top and two vertical plug-ins on bottom
Tek 555 front fl.jpg     |front view: two timing plug-ins on top and two vertical plug-ins on bottom
Image:555_ps.jpg|external power supply
Tek 555-CA.jpg | Tek 555 with CA Dual Trace Plug-ins
Image:555_left_int.jpg|left side view
Tek_555-Delayed-Trace.jpg | Tek 555 in Delayed Trigger Mode
Image:555_rt_int.jpg|right side view
555 P11.JPG         | 555 with P11 [[phosphor]] option
Image:555_top_int.jpg|top view
555_P7.jpg         | 555 with P7 [[phosphor]] option (fast blue / slow green)
Image:555 P11.JPG|555 with P11-option
Tek 555 1050 1.jpg
Image:555_P7.jpg|555 with P7-option (fast blue and slow green Phosphor)
Tek 555 1050 2.jpg
Image:Tek 555 cable 3.jpg|Power interconnect, part number 012-032
Wellenkino 555-2.jpg
Image:Tek 555 cable 2.jpg|Power interconnect, part number 012-032
Wellenkino 555.jpg
Image:Tek 555 cable 1.jpg|Power interconnect, part number 012-032
Tek 555 rear.jpg|555 rear
Image:Tek 555 timebase interconnect3.png|timebase interconnect
Tek 555 rear on cart.jpg
Image:Tek 555 block.png|555 block diagram
Tek 555 1050 3.jpg
Image:555 lower vert.png|lower beam vertical amplifier
Tek 555 1050 4.jpg
Image:Tek 555 power interconnect.png|power interconnect
Tek 555 side on cart.jpg
Image:Tek 555 lvreg.png|heater regulator
Tek 555 with camera.jpg
Image:Tek 555 21 trigger.png|Type 21 trigger
Tek 555 1050 5.jpg
Image:Tek_555_block.png|block diagram
Tek 555 1050 6.jpg
File:Tek 555 crt1.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 1050 7.jpg
File:Tek 555 crt2.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 1050 8.jpg
File:Tek 555 crt3.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 technikum29.de.jpg|555 photo from technikum29.de
File:Tek 555 crt4.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 rear2.jpeg
File:Tek 555 crt5.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 power connector.jpeg
File:Tek 555 crt6.jpg|CRT
</gallery>
File:Tek 22a front.jpg|22A front
'''Internals'''
File:Tek 22a trigger board.jpg|22A  TD trigger board
<gallery>
File:Tek 22a top.jpg| 22A top
Tek_555-LHS.jpeg    | 555 Internals, left side (upper beam)
File:Tek 22a bottom.jpg| 22A bottom
Tek_555-RHS.jpeg    | 555 Internals, right side (lower beam)
File:Tek 21 front.jpg| 21 front
Tek_555_Top.jpg     | 555 Top with with HV Cover off
File:Tek 21 top.jpg| 21 top
Tek-555-Bottom.jpeg | 555 Bottom
File:Tek 21 bottom.jpg| 21 bottom
Tek_555_V-Amp.jpg  | Vertical Amplifier (Lower Beam)
File:Tek 22 front.jpg| 22 front
555_top_int.jpg    | top view
File:Tek 22 top.jpg| 22 top
555_left_int.jpg    | left side view
File:Tek 22 bottom2.jpg| 22 bottom
555_rt_int.jpg     | right side view
File:Tek 21a front.jpg| 21A front
Tek 555 1050 10.jpg
File:Tek 21a top.jpg| 21A top
Tek 555 1050 9.jpg
File:Tek 21a bottom.jpg| 21 bottom
</gallery>
File:Tek 21a trigger board.jpg| 21A TD trigger board
 
File:Tek 013-013.JPG|timebase plug-in extender, part number 013-013
 
File:Wellenkino 555-2.jpg
'''CRT'''
File:Wellenkino 555.jpg
<gallery>
Tek 555 crt1.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 crt2.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 crt3.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 crt4.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 crt5.jpg|CRT
Tek 555 crt6.jpg|CRT
</gallery>
 
'''Power Supply'''
<gallery>
Tek-555-PS-Front.jpg | 555 Power Supply - Front
Tek-555-PS-Rear.jpg | 555 Power Supply - Rear
555_ps.jpg         | External power supply
Tek-555-PS-Top.jpg | 555 Power Supply Internals - Top
Tek-555-PS-Bottom.jpg | 555 Power Supply Internals - Bottom
Tek 555 ps no tubes2.jpg|555 power supply
Tek 555 ps bottom.png|555 Power supply
Tek 555 ps no tubes1.png|555 Power supply
Tek 555 ps no tubes3.png|555 Power supply
Tek 555 ps no tubes4.png|555 Power supply
Tek 555 1050 11.jpg
Tek 555 1050 12.jpg
 
</gallery>
</gallery>
'''Accessories'''
<gallery>
Tek 013-013.JPG|Timebase plug-in extender, part number [[013-0013-00]]
Tek 555 cable 3.jpg|Power interconnect, part number 012-0032-00
Tek 555 cable 2.jpg|Power interconnect, part number 012-0032-00
Tek 555 cable 1.jpg|Power interconnect, part number 012-0032-00
</gallery>
'''Schematics'''
<gallery>
Tek 555 block.png|555 block diagram
555 lower vert.png|lower beam vertical amplifier
Tek 555 21 trigger.png|Type 21 trigger
Tek_555_block.png|block diagram
Tek 555 crt circuit.png|CRT circuit
Tek 555 lvreg.png|heater regulator
Tek 555 timebase interconnect3.png|time base interconnect
Tek 555 power interconnect.png|power interconnect
</gallery>
==Components==
{{Parts|555}}




[[Category:500 series scopes]]
[[Category:500 series scopes]]
[[Category:Dual beam scopes]]
[[Category:Dual beam scopes]]
[[Category:Specifications needed]]
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