555

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The Tektronix Type 555, nicknamed "Triple Nickel", is a dual-beam CRT oscilloscope introduced by Tektronix in 1959 and made until the late 1960's, when it was replaced by the 556.

The system is split across two cabinets, the main indicator unit and the external power supply unit. The power supply unit contains the main transformer, rectifiers and regulators for all of the voltages except the filament and CRT HV supplies. The filament and CRT HV voltages are generated in the 555 indicator unit.

The Tektronix 555 takes two letter-series or 1-series vertical plug-ins

Key Specifications

Bandwidth DC to 30 MHz, 3 dB down at 30 MHz ±0.5 dB (with Type K plug-in)
Rise time 120 ns
External Horizontal Input 0.2 V/cm to 20 V/cm, DC to 240 kHz
Sweep Rates 100 ns/div to 5 s/div (Type 21 and 22)
External Trigger Level 0.2 V to 10 V
Calibrator ~1 kHz, 200 μVp-p to 100 Vp-p
CRT T5550, 10 kV acceleration, P2 phosphor standard (P1, P7, P11 optional). Usable area: Total 6 cm, 4 cm per beam, 2 cm overlap between beams
Line Voltage 105 to 125 V or 210 to 250 V, 50/60 Hz
Power Consumption 1050 W
Dimensions Indicator Unit, 24"×13"×20"; Power Supply Unit, 17.5"×13"×10" (LWH)
Weight Indicator Unit, 68 lb; Power Supply, 45 lb
Cooling AC Fan for both Power Supply and Indicator Unit

Internals

Type 21 and 22 Timebases

The 555 uses special horizontal plug-ins that contain the trigger and sweep. Early instances of the 555 came with the Type 21 and Type 22 horizontal plug-ins.

Type 21 is suggested for the upper beam and type 22 is suggested as the lower beam time base, as type 22 contains delayed trigger, and only the lower beam horizontal section is provided with delayed trigger pickup circuitry. The Delay multiplier control pot is also provided on the lower beam section.

A rigid plug-in extension for the timebases (part number 013-013) was included with every 555.

Type 21A and 22A Timebases

Later instances came with the 21A and 22A horizontal plug-ins, which use tunnel diodes for triggering. Delayed triggering is supported.

Since the 555 is a dual-beam scope, it is also possible to start one of the sweeps while the other beam is sweeping. The upper-beam sweep and lower-beam sweeps are, in fact, totally independent.

Power Supply and Filament Supply Regulator

The external power supply unit generates all the B+ Voltages (–150, +100, +225, +330, +350 and +500 V) required by the indicator unit. These are fed to the indicator unit through the interconnect cable.

There are two transformers inside the power supply unit – one to generate heater voltages (except for the tubes noted below), the other to generate all the B+ plate voltages.

The heater/filament supply for all the tubes inside the indicator unit are generated by a transformer inside the indicator unit. A saturable inductor, located in the power supply unit, is connected in series with its primary as the control element of an AC regulator circuit. One 6.3 V winding from the indicator unit filament transformer is fed back through the interconnection cable (part number 012-032) to supply heaters of specific tubes in the power supply unit (V624, V634, V664, V684, V694). Moreover, a regulator Tube (2AS-15, a Temperature Limited Diode) is used to sense this filament voltage and derive a control DC current through the saturable inductor, thereby closing the control loop.

One of the consequences of this scheme is that it the power supply unit will not energize the plate voltages (except +100 V) without the indicator unit connected, because

  • the 12AX7 comparators and 6AU6 error amplifiers are heated from the indicator unit, so the main series pass tubes (6080s and 12B4s) are not driven even though they are heated from a transformer in the power supply unit;
  • The primary of the plate voltage transformer inside the power supply unit is looped via the thermal cutout in the indicator unit, i.e. the plate voltage transformer in the power supply will not get power unless the indicator unit is attached.

Even if one were to power up the power supply itself by bypassing the thermal cut-out and applying local heater voltages to the tubes normally supplied by the indicator unit, the power supply will not regulate as the design employs shunting resistors across the series pass tubes, and can therefore not regulate without a load.

Vertical Amplifier

The Tektronix 555 has a six-section differential distributed vertical output amplifier made of 6DK6 tubes. It is the same as the vertical output amplifier in the 551 and the 545A. An L-C delay line is located between the vertical output amplifier and the CRT vertical deflection plates for each channel.

Twelve 6DK6 tubes per beam are used in the main amplifier. A pair of 6DK6s are used to pick up the trigger signal from the differential drive, and pass it to the horizontal plug-in via a cathode follower as a single-ended trigger signal.

Another pair of 6DJ8s are used as grid-line driver cathode followers, fed by the 12BY7 input driver stage, which takes the differential input from the vertical plug-in. A pair of triodes out of 6DJ8s are used as amplifier to drive beam position indicator neons near the CRT.

Architecturally, the 555, with its four plug-ins, is similar to the 7844.

CRT Circuit

The CRT circuit in the 555 is really two separate modules. It is split between two internal metal enclosures, each one containing a high voltage transformer and associated tubes. The lower beam HV power supply is based on transformer T901 and produces:

  • CRT anode voltage: +8,650 V
  • lower beam CRT cathode voltage: -1,350 V
  • lower beam CRT control grid (blanking) voltage: floating, -1,500 V

The upper beam HV power supply is based on T801 and produces:

  • upper beam CRT cathode voltage: -1,350 V
  • upper beam CRT control grid (blanking) voltage: floating, -1,500 V

Rectification and voltage multiplication is performed by a total of six 5642 rectifier tubes. Each of the two HV power supplies is independently regulated using a two-stage common-cathode amplifier based on a 12AU7 dual triode. The oscillator tube is a 6CZ5 power pentode.

The 555 uses the T5550 CRT.

Links

Pictures

Internals


CRT

Power Supply

Accessories

Schematics

Components

Some Parts Used in the 555

Part Part Number(s) Class Description Used in
12AU7 154-041 154-0041-00 154-0287-00 Vacuum Tube (Dual Triode) dual medium-μ triode 104 104A 122 160 161 162 181 190 310 310A 316 317 3C66 502 502A 507 511A 512 516 517 517A 524 526 535 536 545 545A 545B 547 549 555 561 564 570 575 581 581A 585 585A C D E N Q Hickok 1825
12AX7 154-043 154-0043-00 Vacuum Tube (Dual Triode) dual triode 3C66 513 524 531 531A 535 536 545 545A 545B 546 547 549 555 570 581 581A 585 585A E Q Hickok 1825 Keithley 610
12B4 154-044 154-0044-00 Vacuum Tube (Triode) power triode 126 310 310A 316 317 502 502A 524 526 541 541A 535 535A 545 545A 546 547 570 549 551 555 513 581 581A 585 585A Keithley 610
12BY7A 154-047 154-0047-00 Vacuum Tube (Pentode) miniature 6.5 W power pentode 106 163 524 531 533 535 536 541 543 535 545 545A 549 555 75 3A75 3B5
5642 154-0051-00 154-0079-00 Vacuum Tube (Diode) directly-heated high-voltage rectifier 310 310A 316 317 360 453 502 502A 503 504 506 513 515 516 524 529 RM529 533 533A 535 536 543 543A 543B 545 545A 545B 547 551 555 556 560 561 561A 561S 564 567 570 575 581 581A 585 585A 647 647A
6AU6 154-0022-00 157-0073-00 157-0059-00 154-0284-00 Vacuum Tube (Pentode) RF pentode 107 160 181 190 60 2A60 72 3A72 3C66 310 310A 316 317 360 502 502A 506 511 511A 512 513 516 517 517A 524 526 529 RM529 531 531A 535 536 545 545A 546 547 549 555 561 561A 561S 564 565 567 570 575 581 581A 585 585A 80 C CA Q
6CZ5 154-0167-00 Vacuum Tube (Pentode) power pentode 317 502 506 526 555 561 561A 561S 564 565 567
6DJ8 154-0187-00 154-0305-00 Vacuum Tube (Dual Triode) dual triode 111 132 161 310A 316 317 502 502A 503 504 506 515 516 519 526 529 RM529 533 535 536 543 544 545 545A 545B 546 547 549 555 556 561A 561S 564 565 567 581 581A 585 585A 661 1A4 1S1 60 2A60 63 2A63 67 2B67 3A1 3A1S 3A2 3A3 3A6 3A7 72 3A72 75 3A75 4S2 51 3B1 3B1S 3B2 3B3 3B4 3M1 3S76 3T77 3T77A 9A1 9A2 1121 80 81 82 86 B O W Z Telequipment D56 Telequipment S32A Telequipment D52 S-311 Telequipment TD51 Telequipment S52 Telequipment S51 Telequipment Type A TU-4
6DK6 154-0149-00 154-0367-00 Vacuum Tube (Pentode) high-frequency miniature pentode 180 503 513 514 541 543 535 545 545A 551 555
T5550 154-0199-00 154-0219-00 154-0221-00 154-0476-00 154-0476-01 154-0476-02 154-0476-03 CRT dual-beam CRT 555