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The Tektronix 310 is a compact portable oscilloscope with a 3" (7.5cm) round CRT.
{{Oscilloscope Sidebar
It is a 4MHz single-trace, single-timebase scope.
|manufacturer=Tektronix
It is a tube scope and uses 175 watts, but does not have a fan.
|series=300-series scopes
It has a 165 degree Fahrenheit thermal cutoff switch in series with  
|model=310A
the primary of the power transformer.
|summary=4 MHz oscilloscope
For extended use in one place, a tilted fan base,  
|image=Tek_310A_front.jpg
part number 016-012, was available.
|caption=Tektronix 310A,front view
The 310 is hinged at the rear, allowing reasonably convenient access to the circuitry despite the fact that the components are packed more densely than in other Tektronix scopes of the era. There is also a revised version, the 310A. The 310 uses printed-circuit boards but the 310A
|introduced=1955
returned to ceramic strip construction.
|discontinued=1972
|designers=Frank Hood;John Kobbe
|manuals=
'''310'''
* [[Media:IM-310-2.pdf|Tektronix 310 Manual IM-310-2 (early)]]
* [[Media:070-244.pdf|Tektronix 310/310A Manual 070-244]]
* [[Media:070-0892-00.pdf|Tektronix 310 Manual 070-0892-00]] (rough, bad-OCR)
* [[Media:Tek_310_ad_Electronics_May_1955.pdf|Tek 310 ad in Electronics, May 1955]]
'''310A'''
* [[Media:070-0893-00.pdf|Tektronix 310A Manual]] (OCR)<br /><small>Alternate: [https://w140.com/tek_310a.djvu DjVu] / [https://bama.edebris.com/manuals/tek/310a/ Tek 310A manuals @ BAMA]</small>
<small>
===Calibration Procedures===
* [[Media:tek_310_fcp.pdf|Tektronix 310 Factory Calibration Procedure]] (bad-OCR)
* [[Media:tek_310a_fcp.pdf|Tektronix 310A Factory Calibration Procedure]] (bad-OCR)
* [[Media:Tek 310a fcp oct 1968 with 1969 updates.pdf|Tektronix 310A Factory Calibration Procedure with 1969 updates]]
* [[Media:Tek 310a cal outline.pdf|Tektronix 310A Calibration Outline]] (OCR)
</small>
<small>
===Modifications===
* [[Media:Tek 310a mod 109a.pdf|Tektronix 310A Mod 109A, High-Altitude Modification]]
* [[Media:Tek 310a mod 812s.pdf|Tektronix 310A Mod 812S, Vertical Input Connector Changed to UHF]]
* [[Media:Tek 310a mod 222a.pdf|Boeing Black-out]]
* [[Media:Tek 310a mod 815e.pdf|Tektronix 310A Mod 812S, Trigger and Calibrator Connectors Changed to BNC]]
* [[Media:Tek 310a mod 812z.pdf|Tektronix 310A Mod 812S, Input, Trigger, and Calibrator Connectors Changed to UHF]]
* [[Media:Tek 310 silicon rectifier mod.pdf|Tektronix 310 Silicon Rectifier Mod]]
* [[Media:Tek 310a mod 119F.pdf|Tektronix 310A Mod 119F]]
* [[Media:Tek 310a mod 120H.pdf|Tektronix 310A Mod 120H]]
</small>
}}
The '''Tektronix 310''' is a compact portable oscilloscope, designed by [[Frank Hood]] and [[John Kobbe]], that was [[introduced in 1955]].


Is this the only time that a Tek design was moved from PCB back to ceramic strip?
It is a 4 MHz single-trace, single-timebase scope with a 3" (7.5 cm) round CRT.


* [http://w140.com/tek_310a.pdf Tektronix 310A Manual (PDF)]
A revised version, the '''310A''', was [[introduced in 1959]].
* [http://w140.com/tek_310a.djvu Tektronix 310A Manual (DjVu)]
While the 310 used printed-circuit boards, the 310A returned to ceramic strip construction in the interest of reliability. <small>''Is this the only time that a Tek design was moved from PCB back to ceramic strip?''</small>


The [[Hickok]] company produced a clone of the 310A under a US military contract as the [[Hickok AN/USM89B|AN/USM89B]].
{{BeginSpecs}}
{{Spec | Bandwidth      | 4 MHz (3.5 MHz below 0.1 V/Div, AC coupled) }}
{{Spec | Rise time      | 90 ns (100 ns below 0.1 V/Div, AC coupled) }}
{{Spec | Sweep          | 0.5 μs/Div to 0.2 s/Div 1–2–5 }}
{{Spec | Deflection      | 10 mV/Div to 50 V/Div, 1–2–5 (below 0.1 V/Div only AC coupled) }}
{{Spec | Input impedance | 1 MΩ // 40 pF }}
{{Spec | X input        | 1.5 V/Div (variable down), 500 kHz, 100 kΩ }}
{{Spec | Z input        | 20 V<sub>p-p</sub> at rear "CRT Cathode" binding post }}
{{Spec | Calibrator      | 50 mV<sub>p-p</sub> to 100 V<sub>p-p</sub>, 1–2–5; 1 kHz }}
{{Spec | Power          | 175 W }}
{{EndSpecs}}
P2 [[phosphor]] was standard.  P1, P7 and P11 were also available.
==Links==
* [https://richardsears.wordpress.com/2011/11/18/tektronix-310a/ Richard Sears: Tektronix 310 and 310A]
* A Tek 310 restoration @ YouTube: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ef-6Vfx1oiY Part 1] / [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HG49aX_TlM Part 2]
{{Documents|Link=310}}
{{Documents|Link=310A}}
==Internals==
The scope cabinet was hinged to allow it to be opened like a book and operated for access to the circuitry for service purposes. 
===Cooling===
The 310 is a tube scope and consumes 175 watts, but it does not have a fan. 
It therefore tends to run hot, particularly when used in a hot environment with still air. 
It has a 74 °C (165 °F) [[thermal cutoff]] switch in series with the primary of the power transformer.
For extended use in one place, a tilted fan base, the [[FB310]] (part number 016-012) was available. 
The fan base blows air upward through the perforated bottom panel of the 310.
While the scope had universal primary wiring options, the fan base did not.  Separate models were available for 115 V<sub>AC</sub> or 230 V<sub>AC</sub> operation.
The scope has feet on the rear panel to allow it to be operated on the floor with the front panel facing up, but the manual warns against prolonged operation in this orientation. 
===Components===
The 310 is a nearly true pure vacuum-tube scope, but in the power supply there are some silicon rectifiers, and there is one germanium point contact diode in the circuit.
Early examples of the Tektronix Type 310A used commodity 3WPx CRTs. 
At some point in production, they switched to the Tek-made [[T3100]] CRT, which is compatible with the [[3WP2]].
===310A changes===
Unlike later Tek instruments, where the incremental model designated by an “A” suffix only occurred with a significant specification or performance enhancement, the original 310 and 310A were essentially identical. 
They even shared the same manual and schematics.  The main difference was the wiring construction. <small>''needs to be checked - different tubes used according to the manuals''  </small>
The original 310 pioneered the use of circuit board construction, rather than the trusted ceramic strip point to point wiring. 
The circuit boards were two-sided, however, Tektronix did not use through-hole plating although this had been introduced in 1947<ref>https://www.acdi.com/a-peek-at-the-history-of-pcbs</ref>.
Rather, all of the holes for component mounting and interconnect contained a rivet which was expanded in a press before the components were installed in the board. 
The rivets themselves were not soldered to the copper foil traces, and relied on the pressure from the crimp to make contact. 
This proved to be extremely unreliable, with many intermittent connections resulting in high warranty- and after-warranty failure. 
The 310A model essentially used the identical circuit design, but returned to the trusted ceramic strip construction method.
The 310A also replaced the [[selenium rectifiers|selenium plate rectifiers]] in the power supply with silicon diodes. 
Tek offered a retrofit kit, to be installed in the service centers, to upgrade older scopes with selenium rectifiers.
===Other changes during production===
During the lifespan of the 310, Tek evolved its color scheme. 
The original 310 scopes had a case painted with a blue metallic hammer tone color. 
Later units moved to the crinkled “Tek Blue” color still in use today.
Like most old Tektronix devices the mains transformer holds an indefinite(!) warranty.
==Price==
$595 in 1955 ($6,700 in 2023 dollars)
==Pictures==
'''310'''
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Tek 310 on base.jpg|310 on fan base
310 1.jpg                  | Right front
310 2.jpg                  | Front
310 3.jpg                  | Rear
310 4.jpg                  | Model
310 5.jpg                  | Right rear
Tek 310 rear.jpg          |
Tek 310 front.jpg          |
Tek 310 ibm prop.jpg      | made for IBM
Tek 310 top inside.jpg    | top inside
Tek 310 left inside.jpg    | left inside
Tek 310 right internal.jpg | right internal
Tek 310 rear.jpg          | rear
Tek 310 bottom.jpg        | bottom
Tek 310 right external.jpg | right external
Tek 310 left external.jpg  | left external
Tek 310 on base.jpg       | 310 on fan base
Tek 310a carrybag left.jpg | Carrying bag for 310, left
Tek 310a carrybag top.jpg  | Carrying bag for 310, top
</gallery>
</gallery>
'''310A'''
<gallery>
Tek_310A.jpg                    | Front view
310A_right.jpg                  | Right internal
310A_foldoff.jpg                | Folded off internal
310A_left.jpg                  | Left internal
310A_top.jpg                    | Top internal
310A_bottom.jpg                | Bottom special slot to access sweep trigger tubes
Tek_310A_Underside2.jpg        | Bottom special slot to access sweep trigger tubes
310A_back.jpg                  | Rear view
Wellenkino 310a.jpg            | 310A
Tektronix-310a.jpg              | 310A
Tek 310a left internal.jpg      | 310A Left Internal
Tek 310a right internal.jpg    | 310A Right Internal
Tek_310a_right_internal_on.jpg  | 310A Right Internal, operating
Tek 310a top clean.jpg          | 310A top
Tek 310a rear2.jpg              | 310A rear
Tek 310a right internal2.jpg    | 310A right internal
Tek_310A_silicon_rectifiers.jpg | 310A with silicon rectifiers
Tek ncr 310a case.jpg          | Case for 310A
Tek 310a in ncr case.jpg        | 310A in case
Tek 310a with case.jpg          | Tek 310A with case
Tek 310a carrybag exposed.jpg  | 310A inside carrying bag, exposed cushion
warranty.jpg                    | indefinite warranty to the Tektronix manufactured transformer
Tek_310a_cl.jpg
</gallery>
'''Hickok AN/USM89B'''
<gallery>
ANUSM89B_1.jpeg | Front view
ANUSM89B_2.jpeg | Side view
ANUSM89B_3.jpeg | Type plate
</gallery>
==Components==
{{Parts|310}}
{{Parts|310A}}
==References==
<references />
[[Category:Monolithic tube scopes]]
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