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The scope employs a [[micro-channel plate]] (MCP) CRT design to get good screen intensity at high sweep speeds with moderate acceleration voltage. The benefit is especially noticeable at low repetition rates. | The scope employs a [[micro-channel plate]] (MCP) CRT design to get good screen intensity at high sweep speeds with moderate acceleration voltage. The benefit is especially noticeable at low repetition rates. | ||
The high horizontal speed necessitated using [[distributed deflection plates]] also for the horizontal deflection system, which reaches a | The high horizontal speed necessitated using [[distributed deflection plates]] also for the horizontal deflection system, which reaches a bandwidth of 350 MHz. | ||
bandwidth of 350 MHz. Option 2 adds a horizontal delay line to make the high horizontal bandwidth available for X-Y mode | Option 2 adds a horizontal delay line to make the high horizontal bandwidth available for X-Y mode at a phase shift of <2° up to 50 MHz, nullable at any frequency up to 250 MHz. | ||
at a phase shift of <2° up to 50 MHz, nullable at any frequency up to 250 MHz. | |||
The [[7A29]] 1 GHz vertical amplifier and the [[7B15]]/[[7B10]] time base pair were introduced along with the 7104 to match the system bandwidth. | The [[7A29]] 1 GHz vertical amplifier and the [[7B15]]/[[7B10]] time base pair were introduced along with the 7104 to match the system bandwidth. | ||
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==MCP protection== | ==MCP protection== | ||
The Micro Channel Plate's amplification degrades irreversibly with operation, in proportion to the log of total charge passed per display area. For this reason, continued operation with a steady trace and especially at large beam currents must be avoided. The 7104 contains a "limited viewing time" circuit to assist with observing this restriction. At beam currents above 0.2 μA, a yellow indicator illuminates, and the beam will be shut down after 20 minutes. The limit time drops to two minutes at an average beam current of 2 μA, and also limits the average current to that value. Single-shot display current is not affected. Despite this limiter, older instruments often exhibit darkening of the screen around the horizontal center line to some degree (see [[Media:Tek7104-200ps-singleshot-sin1-1g.jpg|screen shot]]). | The Micro Channel Plate's amplification degrades irreversibly with operation, in proportion to the log of total charge passed per display area. | ||
For this reason, continued operation with a steady trace and especially at large beam currents must be avoided. | |||
The 7104 contains a "limited viewing time" circuit to assist with observing this restriction. | |||
At beam currents above 0.2 μA, a yellow indicator illuminates, and the beam will be shut down after 20 minutes. | |||
The limit time drops to two minutes at an average beam current of 2 μA, and also limits the average current to that value. | |||
Single-shot display current is not affected. | |||
Despite this limiter, older instruments often exhibit darkening of the screen around the horizontal center line to some degree (see [[Media:Tek7104-200ps-singleshot-sin1-1g.jpg|screen shot]]). | |||
==Internals== | ==Internals== | ||
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The 7104 uses a switch-mode power supply. | The 7104 uses a switch-mode power supply. | ||
Module A23 (schematic page <14>) contains the mains rectifier, | Module A23 (schematic page <14>) contains the mains rectifier, base drive circuitry, and power transistors of the inverter (aka, switcher). | ||
base drive circuitry, and power transistors of the inverter (aka, switcher). | These transistors produce a 25 kHz waveform that is fed to the primary of T1310 ([[120-1183-00]]), whose secondaries provide the power for the rest of the scope. | ||
These transistors produce a 25 kHz waveform that is fed to the primary of T1310 ([[120-1183-00]]), | |||
whose secondaries provide the power for the rest of the scope. | |||
Module A24 (also on schematic page <14>) contains the inverter control circuit | Module A24 (also on schematic page <14>) contains the inverter control circuit and rectifiers for the secondaries of T1310. | ||
and rectifiers for the secondaries of T1310. | |||
The inverter control circuit uses the [[155-0067-02]] inverter control IC, which is U1275. | The inverter control circuit uses the [[155-0067-02]] inverter control IC, which is U1275. | ||
Module A25 (schematic page <15>) contains the low-voltage regulators. | Module A25 (schematic page <15>) contains the low-voltage regulators. | ||
There are independently regulated and current-limited sections | There are independently regulated and current-limited sections for the −50 V, −15 V, +5 V, +15 V and +50 V rails. | ||
for the −50 V, −15 V, +5 V, +15 V and +50 V rails. | |||
Each section has an opamp and a BJT output transistor in emitter-follower configuration. | Each section has an opamp and a BJT output transistor in emitter-follower configuration. | ||
The opamps need power, too. | The opamps need power, too. | ||
To avoid a dependency cycle, the power supplies for the opamps are separate | To avoid a dependency cycle, the power supplies for the opamps are separate low-current, low-efficiency zener clamps that in no way depend on the −50 V, −15 V, +5 V, +15 V or +50 V regulators. | ||
low-current, low-efficiency zener clamps that in no way depend on the −50 V, −15 V, +5 V, +15 V or +50 V regulators. | The power supplies for the opamps produce −22 V, −5.6 V, +5.6 V, and +22 V. | ||
The power supplies for the opamps produce −22 V, −5.6 V, +5.6 V, and +22 V. | To avoid exceeding the opamps' limit of 30 V total rail voltage, each opamp either gets −22 V and +5.6 V, or −5.6 V and +22 V, depending on whether it needs more output swing in the positive or negative direction. | ||
To avoid exceeding the opamps' limit of 30 V total rail voltage, each opamp either gets | |||
−22 V and +5.6 V, or −5.6 V and +22 V, depending on whether it needs more output swing | |||
in the positive or negative direction. | |||
The +50 V section produces the reference voltage ("50VS") for the other sections. | The +50 V section produces the reference voltage ("50VS") for the other sections. It uses a 9 V zener diode, VR1412, as a reference. | ||
It uses a 9 V zener diode, VR1412, as a reference. | |||
The dependency relationship of the supplies is: | The dependency relationship of the supplies is: | ||
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{{Custom ICs|7104}} | {{Custom ICs|7104}} | ||
{{Custom ICs|7000 series readout system}} | |||
[[Category:7000 series non-storage mainframes]] | [[Category:7000 series non-storage mainframes]] | ||
[[Category:Micro-channel plate CRTs]] | [[Category:Micro-channel plate CRTs]] |