P6230

P6230/P6231 probe tip

P6230 termination box

The Tektronix P6230 and P6231 are passive ×10 (450:50 Ω) probes with 1.5 GHz bandwidth and DC offset capability, intended to minimize DC probe-loading effect when used on logic circuits.

The P6230 has an offset control potentiometer in the termination box and connects to the scope, e.g. 7000 series scopes, through a BNC connector with ×10 readout pin. It can be powered from 7000 series mainframes having LEMO S-series connectors for probe power, or compatible units such as the 1101.

The P6231 and is intended for 11000 series plugins such as the 11A32. Offset control and power are provided by the scope mainframe through a Tekprobe BNC connector.

The P6230/6231 shares accessories with many other Tektronix subminiature modular probes although the input hybrid is unique. Tip color is yellow, connector end color is blue, part number 206-0279-00. Its end to end resistance is 400 Ω.

Key Specifications

Bandwidth	DC to ≥ 1.5 GHz
Rise time	≤ 230 ps
Attenuation	10×
Input Impedance	450 Ω // 1.3 pF (1.6 pF guaranteed)
Signal delay	8.7 ± 0.1 ns
DC Offset range	-5 V ≤ (Vsignal + Voffset) ≤ +5 V
Features	Readout Pin Switchable 50 Ω termination

Internals

The P6230/6231 probes are sometimes described as FET probes or active probes, however, as the circuit diagram clearly shows, this is not correct. After the 400 Ω input hybrid, the AC component of the input signal is connected directly to the scope input through a 1 μF capacitor, then terminated in 50 Ω either in the scope input or the switchable terminator. The active circuit in the P623x, a standard NE5532 dual opamp, has the function of restoring and offsetting the input signal's low-frequency and DC components. This approach is similar to the feed-beside technique used in the 7104 scope and 7A29 amplifier.

Tek explains the raison d'être for the P6230/P6231 thus:

The P6230 acts as a standard 500 Ω passive voltage probe with the additional capability of having an adjustable tip "nulling voltage." This feature reduces the dc-loading effects on the probe when it is used to measure signals whose mid-voltage value is other than zero volts, or in circuits where the termination impedance is returned to other than ground level. The Input Bias/Offset Voltage may be adjusted so that at a particular test-signal voltage both ends of the probe input-resistor are at equal potentials and no current is flowing through the resistor.

ECL logic is most commonly operated from a -5.2 V supply with Vcc connected to ground. The output of an ECL gate is the emitter of an NPN emitter follower stage. The output is pulled down to a negative supply (about -2 V) with an external resistor (50 Ω to 100 Ω). Since speed is a major consideration in ECL designs, the interconnections between gates are often transmission lines, and the pull-down resistor doubles as a line termination.

If a standard 500 Ω, 10× probe without the input Bias/Offset feature were used to examine an ECL output, the probe's 500 Ω resistance to ground would form a voltage divider with the gate's output-termination resistor. This divider can cause distortion of the output signal levels, shift the DC operation point of the output transistor, and reduce the gate's noise margin.

The DC-load nulling capability of the P6230 helps to solve this problem. By adjusting the Input Bias/Offset Voltage to the ECL low level or to the termination voltage, the only effect of the probe resistance will be a small decrease in the ECL output-termination resistance. The effect of the probe on output voltage levels is negligible.

Links

• P6230 / P6231 @ barrytech.com (incorrectly described as active probe)

Manuals

• P6230 Operator's manual (PDF, 155KB)
• P6231 Operator's manual (PDF, OCR, 740KB)
• Tektronix P6203 P6204 P6205 P6217 P6231 Catalog Specs (PDF)

Prices

Year	1984	1985	1987	1989	1991	1995
P6230 Catalog price	$385	$395	$395	$420	$525	–
2015 value	$880	$870	$825	$800	$915	–
P6231 Catalog price	–	–	$410	$410	$525	$799
2015 value	–	–	$860	$780	$915	$1,240

Pictures

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  P6230 compensation box

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  P6230 Switchable terminator

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  P6230 Compensation box interior

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  P6230 Compensation box interior

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  P6231

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  P6230 probe tip with alligator clip ground lead

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  Input hybrid

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  Probe tip components

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  Low-inductance ground lead

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  Probe-to-PCB adapters

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  Probe-to-PCB adapters

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  P6230 circuit diagram

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  P6230 input impedance graph

Measurements

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  P6230 Rise time measured on a 7S12 with S-52 and S-4 heads, P6230 ground sleeve connected directly at S-52 output (no ground lead)

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  P6230 Rise time without ground lead: 9.2 * 20 ps = 184 ps (equiv. to 1.9 GHz bandwidth)

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  Effect of using the "low inductance" ground lead - rise time 400 ps, bandwidth 875 MHz

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  Using the 250 mm alligator ground lead - severe pulse distortion, rise time ~3 ns (115 MHz)!

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  Bandwidth vs. grounding, from manual