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|designers=George Frye
|designers=George Frye
|manuals=
|manuals=
* [[Media:070-0896-01.pdf|Tektronix S-4 Instruction Manual, Revised OCT 1986]] (OCR)
* [[Media:070-0896-00.pdf|Tektronix S-4 Manual 1969]] (OCR)
* [[Media:070-0896-00.pdf|Tektronix S-4 Manual 1969]]
* [[Media:070-0896-01 march 1985.pdf|Tektronix S-4 Instruction Manual, Revised March 1985]] (OCR)
* [http://w140.com/tek_S4_1985.pdf Tektronix S-4 Manual, revised 1985]
* [[Media:070-0896-01.pdf|Tektronix S-4 Instruction Manual, Revised October 1986]] (OCR)
* [[Media:Frye s4 gate.pdf|George Frye's Explanation of S-4 sampler in October 1968 Service Scope]]
* [[Media:Frye s4 gate.pdf|George Frye's Explanation of S-4 sampler in October 1968 Service Scope]]
* [[Media:Tek s-4 fcp april 1969 - OCR.pdf|Tektronix S-4 Factory Calibration Procedure, April 1969]] (OCR)
* [[Media:Tek s-4 fcp april 1969 - OCR.pdf|Tektronix S-4 Factory Calibration Procedure, April 1969]] (OCR)
* [[Media:Tek s-4 eis signatures page.pdf|Tektronix S-4 Engineering Instrument Specification signatures page]]
}}
}}
The '''Tektronix S-4''' is a sampling head for 7000- and 3S-series samplers.
The '''Tektronix S-4''' is a sampling head for 7000- and 3S-series samplers.
It was designed by [[George Frye]] and [[introduced in 1968]].
It was designed by [[George Frye]] and [[introduced in 1968]].
It is the fastest of the S-series plug-in samplers.  
It is the fastest of the S-series plug-in samplers.  
During the development of the S-4, the velocity gate theory was tested using
a length of transmission line between diodes.
This led to a aperture time that depended upon twice the propagation delay of the length of transmission line.


{{BeginSpecs}}
{{BeginSpecs}}
{{Spec | Rise time | 25 ps (observed with [[S-50]] or [[S-52]], 35 ps) }}
{{Spec | Rise time | 25 ps (35 ps observed with [[S-50]] or [[S-52]]) }}
{{Spec | Bandwidth | 14.5 GHz }}
{{Spec | Bandwidth | 14.5 GHz }}
{{Spec | Input impedance | 50 Ω (terminated [[SMA connector]])}}
{{Spec | Input impedance | 50 Ω (terminated [[SMA connector]])}}
{{Spec | Input range | 1 V<sub>p-p</sub> (operating) }}
{{Spec | Input voltage | 1 V<sub>p-p</sub> (operating) }}
{{Spec | Maximum input | ±5 V max. non-destructive  }}
{{Spec | Maximum input | ±5 V max. non-destructive  }}
{{Spec | Noise | < 5 mV}}
{{Spec | Noise | < 5 mV}}
{{Spec | Features |
{{Spec | Features |
Line 41: Line 38:
This technique requires only a sharp pulse edge rather than a precise pulse width, which is harder to generate.
This technique requires only a sharp pulse edge rather than a precise pulse width, which is harder to generate.
The sampling diodes are housed in a special coaxial connector that provides a high bandwidth signal path.
The sampling diodes are housed in a special coaxial connector that provides a high bandwidth signal path.
During the development of the S-4, the velocity gate theory was tested using
a length of transmission line between diodes.
This led to an aperture time that depended upon twice the propagation delay of the length of transmission line.


To disassemble the sampler hybrid, first remove it from the sampler board as per the manual.
To disassemble the sampler hybrid, first remove it from the sampler board as per the manual.
Remove the input connector using a 7/32" wrench and remove the 20 dB attenuator with small pliers.
Remove the input connector using a 7/32" wrench and remove the 20 dB attenuator with small pliers.
The ceramic board is held to the housing using roll pins that can be pressed out with a 0.030" pin punch.
The ceramic board is held to the housing using roll pins that can be pressed out with a 0.030" pin punch.
The hybrid has six diodes, each about 0.75mm square.
 
The hybrid has six diodes, each about 0.75 mm².
The cathodes are glued to the gold substrate with conductive epoxy and the anodes
The cathodes are glued to the gold substrate with conductive epoxy and the anodes
are wire-bonded (twice) over a gap to the next step in the strobe line.
are wire-bonded (twice) over a gap to the next step in the strobe line.
Line 52: Line 54:


==Prices==
==Prices==
1979: $1,435 (~$5,600 in 2022 Dollars)
1979: $1,435 (~$6,000 in 2023 dollars)


According to an [[Media:Tek Schottky Diodes Memo rot.pdf|internal memo]], in 1979 annual sales were estimated at 150 units.
According to an [[Media:Tek Schottky Diodes Memo rot.pdf|internal memo]], annual sales were estimated at 150 units in 1979.


==Links==
==Links==
* [http://www.amplifier.cd/Test_Equipment/Tektronix/Tektronix_7000_series_special/S4.html S-4 page @ amplifier.cd]
* [http://www.amplifier.cd/Test_Equipment/Tektronix/Tektronix_7000_series_special/S4.html S-4 page @ amplifier.cd]
* [https://kh6htv.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/an-02a-oscopes.pdf James R. Andrews, ''Comparison of Ultra-Fast Rise Sampling Oscilloscopes''. Picosecond Pulse Labs App Note AN-2a, 1989]
* [https://kh6htv.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/an-02a-oscopes.pdf James R. Andrews, ''Comparison of Ultra-Fast Rise Sampling Oscilloscopes''. Picosecond Pulse Labs App Note AN-2a, 1989]
{{Documents|Link=S-4}}
{{PatentLinks|S-4}}


==Pictures==
==Pictures==

Latest revision as of 10:53, 19 June 2024

Manuals – Specifications – Links – Pictures

The Tektronix S-4 is a sampling head for 7000- and 3S-series samplers. It was designed by George Frye and introduced in 1968. It is the fastest of the S-series plug-in samplers.

Key Specifications

Rise time 25 ps (35 ps observed with S-50 or S-52)
Bandwidth 14.5 GHz
Input impedance 50 Ω (terminated SMA connector)
Input voltage 1 Vp-p (operating)
Maximum input ±5 V max. non-destructive
Noise < 5 mV
Features
  • trigger signal pick-off for internal triggering

Internals

The S-4 sampling gate is based upon a traveling wave trapped-charge transmission line in which the sampling window is set by the propagation time of a pulse edge through a thick-film transmission line. This technique requires only a sharp pulse edge rather than a precise pulse width, which is harder to generate. The sampling diodes are housed in a special coaxial connector that provides a high bandwidth signal path.

During the development of the S-4, the velocity gate theory was tested using a length of transmission line between diodes. This led to an aperture time that depended upon twice the propagation delay of the length of transmission line.

To disassemble the sampler hybrid, first remove it from the sampler board as per the manual. Remove the input connector using a 7/32" wrench and remove the 20 dB attenuator with small pliers. The ceramic board is held to the housing using roll pins that can be pressed out with a 0.030" pin punch.

The hybrid has six diodes, each about 0.75 mm². The cathodes are glued to the gold substrate with conductive epoxy and the anodes are wire-bonded (twice) over a gap to the next step in the strobe line. It appears that a standard beam-lead diode may fit across the gap but cleanly removing a failed diode without damaging the substrate would be quite difficult.

Prices

1979: $1,435 (~$6,000 in 2023 dollars)

According to an internal memo, annual sales were estimated at 150 units in 1979.

Links

Documents Referencing S-4

Document Class Title Authors Year Links
Service Scope 53 Dec 1968.pdf Article Digital Systems Come Of Age John Bowne 1968
Service scope dec 1968 ocr.pdf Article Digital Systems Come of Age John Bowne 1968
Service Scope 52 Oct 1968.pdf Article The State of the Art in Sampling Al Zimmerman 1968
Service Scope 52 Oct 1968.pdf Article A New Approach to Fast Gate Design George Frye 1968
42W-5850.pdf Application Note Preventing Sampling Head Overdrive and Static Damage Gary Mott 1985

Patents that may apply to S-4

Page Title Inventors Filing date Grant date Links
Patent US 3629731A Sampling system George Frye 1968-07-12 1971-12-21

Pictures

Parts

Some Parts Used in the S-4

Part Part Number(s) Class Description Used in
152-0335-00 152-0335-00 Discrete component step recovery diode S-4 S-6
152-0335-01 152-0335-01 Discrete component 150 ps step recovery diode 1502 S-2 S-4 S-6
155-0001-00 155-0001-00 Hybrid integrated circuit gate assembly S-4